In fiber optic networks, signal distribution is a critical function that ensures data can be efficiently transmitted to multiple endpoints. One of the key components enabling this is the FBT splitter. Whether you’re designing a PON (Passive Optical Network), upgrading your FTTH system, or deploying a new fiber backbone, understanding how an FBT splitter works and how to choose the right one is essential.
In this guide, we’ll explore what an FBT splitter is, how it works, its benefits and limitations, common applications, and what to look for when sourcing from a reliable manufacturer or supplier.
Table of contents
What is an FBT Splitter?
FBT splitter, short for Fused Biconical Taper splitter, is a type of optical power splitter used in fiber optic networks to divide or combine light signals. It splits the optical signal from a single input fiber into two or more output fibers based on a fused tapering technique.
FBT splitters are passive components, meaning they do not require external power. They are especially useful in point-to-multipoint networks, such as FTTH (Fiber to the Home), where one signal needs to be shared among multiple subscribers.
How Does an FBT Splitter Work?
FBT splitter operates using a fused biconical tapering process. Here’s a simplified explanation of how it works:
- Fusion Process
Two or more optical fibers are twisted together, aligned precisely, and then heated until the glass begins to melt and fuse. - Tapering
As the fibers are fused, they are stretched (tapered) into a thinner shape. This causes the optical signal to split between the two cores based on the geometry and refractive index of the taper region. - Encapsulation
The fused section is then encapsulated in a protective casing to prevent damage and maintain signal performance.
By adjusting the tapering length, heat, and angle, manufacturers can control the split ratio of the signal – common ratios include 1:2, 1:4, 1:8, and even up to 1:32.
Key Features of FBT Splitters
- Low Insertion Loss (in optimized conditions)
- Customizable Split Ratios (e.g., 50:50, 70:30)
- Available in Singlemode or Multimode Versions
- Supports Both Balanced and Unbalanced Splits
- Cost-Effective for Low Port Count Requirements
FBT Splitter vs. PLC Splitter
While both FBT and PLC (Planar Lightwave Circuit) splitters are used to divide optical signals, they are different in structure and use cases.
| คุณสมบัติ | FBT Splitter | PLC Splitter |
|---|---|---|
| Technology | Fused Fiber Tapering | Semiconductor-based Planar Waveguide |
| Port Count | Typically up to 1×8 or 1×16 | Up to 1×64 and beyond |
| Wavelength Sensitivity | Higher | Lower (better performance over wide range) |
| Split Ratio Flexibility | Highly customizable | Fixed, standard ratios |
| Cost | Lower (for low port counts) | Higher (especially for low ratios) |
| Temperature Stability | Less stable in harsh environments | Highly stable |
Use FBT splitter when your network requires:
- Low to medium split ratios (1:2, 1:4, 1:8)
- Budget-friendly components
- Indoor, temperature-controlled environments
Use PLC splitter for large, high-density fiber deployments and when uniform performance across a wide wavelength range is critical.
Common Applications of FBT Splitters
- FTTH / FTTx Networks
FBT splitters are ideal for distributing optical signals from a central office to multiple subscribers in residential or commercial buildings. - CATV (Cable Television) Systems
Used to distribute RF signals in hybrid fiber-coaxial (HFC) networks. - LAN & Data Centers
For monitoring and signal tapping in network management and security systems. - Testing & Measurement
FBT splitters are used in lab environments for test setups and signal duplication. - Enterprise Networks
For internal signal distribution among departments or systems.
Types of FBT Splitters
FBT splitters come in different configurations depending on the input and output ports:
- 1×2 FBT Splitter: One input, two outputs (most common)
- 1×4 FBT Splitter: One input, four outputs
- 2×2 FBT Splitter: Two inputs, two outputs (for redundancy or signal mixing)
- Custom Ratio Splitters: e.g., 70/30, 90/10 splits
They are also available in various packaging types:
- Bare Fiber Type
- Blockless Type
- Steel Tube Type
- ABS Box Type
- Rack Mount Type
What to Consider When Buying an FBT Splitter
When sourcing FBT splitter for your fiber optic network, consider the following parameters:
1. Split Ratio
- Choose based on your distribution requirements (e.g., 50:50, 80:20).
- Custom ratios are available for specialized use.
2. ประเภทไฟเบอร์
- Singlemode (G.652D) or Multimode (OM1/OM2/OM3).
- Ensure compatibility with your existing network.
3. Wavelength Range
- Standard range: 1310/1490/1550 nm for singlemode networks.
- Check for compatibility with DWDM/CWDM applications if required.
4. ประเภทตัวเชื่อมต่อ
- SC, LC, FC, ST (UPC or APC polish).
- Choose pre-terminated or pigtail depending on installation preference.
5. อุณหภูมิในการทำงาน
- Standard indoor range: -5°C to +75°C.
- Outdoor options available with rugged enclosures.
6. Insertion Loss & Return Loss
- Lower insertion loss ensures better performance.
- Typical insertion loss for 1×2: ~3.4 dB; for 1×4: ~7.2 dB.
7. สไตล์แพ็คเกจ
- Choose based on space availability, mounting, and cable management needs.
Why Choose Us as Your FBT Splitter Supplier?
As a leading fiber optic passive component manufacturer, we offer premium FBT splitters built with precision and tested for performance and reliability. Our advantages include:
- Custom Split Ratios Available (from 1:99 to 50:50)
- 100% Factory Tested for insertion loss, return loss, and uniformity
- ISO-Certified Production with full traceability
- Fast Delivery for global customers
- Bulk Orders & OEM Labeling Support
- Trusted by Global ISPs and Integrators
We offer all standard configurations and can customize FBT splitter designs for your unique applications.
Final Thoughts
FBT splitters are cost-effective, customizable solutions for splitting optical signals in a wide range of fiber optic applications. Whether you’re deploying FTTH, building a corporate network, or expanding data capacity in your operations, choosing the right FBT splitter ensures stable, efficient, and high-performance signal distribution.
By partnering with a trusted FBT splitter manufacturer, you ensure quality, compatibility, and long-term reliability for your network infrastructure.
Need Help Choosing the Right FBT Splitter?
Contact our team today for samples, pricing, or a custom solution tailored to your project needs.
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